New Zealand and its History

New Zealand (or Aotearoa, the Mäori name for New Zealand) is situated in the South Pacific Ocean, 2,000 kilometres south-east of Australia. It has a land area of 269,000 square kilometres (three-quarters the size of Japan) and consists of two main islands, the North Island and the South Island, plus Stewart Island and other smaller islands. The capital is Wellington, and the largest city is Auckland. The population is 4 million, with four-fifths of European ethnicity, 1 in 6 Mäori (the tangata whenua or indigenous people), 1 in 15 Asian and 1 in 16 of Pacific Island origin. New Zealand is an increasingly multicultural society.

 

New Zealand was first settled by waves of voyagers from the south-east Pacific beginning more than 1,000 years ago. Traditional Mäori society was organised in an inter-connected system of iwi (tribes), hapü (sub-tribes) and whänau (extended families). This tribal system continues today. The economy of traditional Mäori life reflected this social structure and was centred around agriculture, hunting, textiles, fisheries and trade.

 

The first European contact occurred when Dutch navigator Abel Tasman visited in 1642, and the British explorer James Cook visited in 1769, 1773 and 1777. Settlement by Europeans was initially associated with the activities of sealers, whalers, traders and missionaries. More organised settlement occurred from the 1840s onwards.

New Zealand became a British colony in 1840 when Mäori and representatives of the British Crown signed the Treaty of Waitangi, the nation's founding document.

The Treaty of Waitangi is an agreement between Mäori hapü and the New Zealand Government. The Treaty represents an agreement in which Mäori gave the Crown rights to govern and to develop British settlement, while the Crown guaranteed Mäori full protection of their interests and status, and full citizenship rights.

 

The impacts of expanding European settlement and conflict over land caused Mäori economic strength and population levels to decline. However, since the mid-20^th century there has been a resurgence in the population size and role of Mäori in national life. Recent governments have begun to actively recognise the principles of the Treaty, make redress to Mäori for breaches of the Treaty and reduce inequities between Pakeha (New Zealanders of European decent) and Mäori. The Government recognises the Treaty as a 'living' agreement, which must grow and develop over time.

Representative government was established in the late-19^th century, with the right to vote being extended relatively rapidly. In 1893, New Zealand became the first country in the world to grant the vote to women New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy.

 

The Queen of New Zealand, Queen Elizabeth II, is the Head of State. The Queen's representative in this country is the Governor-General who has all the powers of the Queen in relation to New Zealand. Although an integral part of the process of government, the Queen and the Governor-General remain politically neutral and do not get involved in the political contest.

 

New Zealand government has three branches: the Legislature, the Executive and the Judiciary. Power is divided between these branches, preventing any one from acting against the basic constitutional principles of the country. Although each branch has a different role, they are not totally separate from each other.

What people in New Zealand are like

As mentioned in the previous section, the ethnic make-up of the New Zealand population is diverse, with a mix of Pasifika people (people from the Pacific region), Asian, Middle Eastern, Latin American, European, and Mäori ethnic groups. People in New Zealand are generally friendly and many love sports and the outdoors.

Mäori

Mäori make up approximately 16% of New Zealand's population. Mäori societal structure is made up of three levels: the individual whänau or family, which is connected through whakapapa (genealogy) to a hapü (or a subtribe), which in turn is connected to an iwi (or main tribe) and then back to the ancestral waka or canoe.

 

Whakapapa is important to Mäori as it:

• is a source of identity
• confirms family relationships
• connects Mäori with the land
• is the heart of Mäori culture

Both Mäori and English are official languages, with English the main language spoken. You will come across Mäori words, culture and customs during your time here (refer to `Glossary of Common Mäori Words' for a list of common Mäori words and their meanings).

 

If you are invited to a marae, a Mäori communal place, you may be given a powhiri, or welcome. After every speech there is a Mäori song. To learn about Mäori customs go to: http://www.maori.org.nz/

Cultural differences

New Zealanders do some things differently to other Nationalities. Some of the differences include:

• Generally New Zealanders are casual and relaxed, and dress informally on most occasions, including when we go to cafes or shopping.
• Many New Zealanders have a quite direct and frank way of speaking.
• New Zealanders are not always punctual for social occasions. Don't be concerned or offended if someone says they will meet you at, for example, 1.30pm and they don't arrive until 1.45pm.
• Appointments are made in advance to see professional people (e.g. to see a doctor or lecturer).
• People are usually very happy to answer questions, so don't be shy.
• Personal privacy is important and subjects such as salary, mortgages and age are not often discussed by New Zealanders. These topics are not usually discussed outside of the family.
• Sometimes New Zealanders can be offended if people stare (look closely) at them and it may be considered rude and aggressive.
• Sometimes New Zealanders can be offended by personal comments such as "you have put on weight", "she is skinny" or "his hair is very grey".
• Generally people in New Zealand, especially adults, like to hear people say "please" and "thank you" when paying for goods and services or when help has been given.
• New Zealanders find spitting and littering offensive. Some can get upset if they see people do this.
• New Zealanders mostly speak quietly when on public transport or in public spaces, even when with friends.
• Many New Zealanders have pets, most commonly a cat or dog.
• New Zealanders can be passionate about sport - particularly rugby. Playing sport is a great way to make friends.
• Schools, institutions/education providers may be open on Saturdays or Sundays but classes will rarely be held on these days.
• Young New Zealand people (over 18 years of age) often get together in pubs, bars or cafes rather than in restaurants, which can be costly. It is acceptable not to drink alcohol when socialising.
• Tipping is not expected in New Zealand. Some cafes and restaurants have a container for tips.
• Generally, New Zealand people do not bargain when they go shopping, but for larger items such as cars, whiteware, electrical appliances or even bicycles there can be a range of prices and it is acceptable to ask for a discount for cash. It may be acceptable to bargain at open-air markets.
• New Zealanders don't carry much cash as electronic methods of payment are widely used.

Religion

According to 2001 Census information, nearly two million people in New Zealand are Christian (Anglican, Catholic and Presbyterian are the main denominations), and about one million do not have a religious affiliation. Other religions in New Zealand include Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam and Spiritualism.

Pets

As mentioned above, it is common for New Zealanders to keep a pet (dog, cat, fish, bird, rabbit etc.) However, some people are allergic to cat or dog hair. Antihistamine tablets can treat these allergies and can be purchased at chemists.

You should also be cautious about approaching dogs. Some safety tips for being around dogs include:

 

• Always ask permission from a dog's owner before approaching or touching a dog.
• Supervise children at all times when a dog is nearby.
• Stay away from a dog who is feeding, has pups or is asleep.
• Move quietly and slowly away from a dog if you are uneasy about it.
• Never taunt or annoy dogs.
• Don't act excited around a dog, or run, ride, or skate, close to a dog.
• Do not run away from a dog. Move back slowly.
• Do not force anyone who is afraid to pet a dog. (People afraid of animals sometimes make a dog uneasy, and so the dog is more likely to bite.)

Culture shock

Living in a foreign culture is an experience we often look forward to with excitement and enthusiasm. However, many of us are often unprepared for the extent of the cultural dissimilarity we encounter. Culture shock is a very real phenomenon and all international students entering a foreign culture are affected by it in some way.

 

The automatic responses you are used to may not be applicable in New Zealand. It is common for international students to experience feelings of euphoria upon arriving in New Zealand, often called the honeymoon period. Everything appears new and exciting. However upon settling into the routine of study people may experience feelings of frustration, loneliness or uneasiness. Remember that feelings of frustration or uneasiness are a natural part of adapting to a new culture.

 

Sometimes you may feel as if you lack direction, not knowing what to do or how to do things in New Zealand, and not knowing what is appropriate and inappropriate. Often the way that you lived or behaved before is not accepted or considered normal in the new place.

 

Here are some other possible symptoms of culture shock you may experience:

 

• You may feel isolated or frustrated
• You may become homesick
• You may experience anger or hostility toward your new home
• You may become overly dependent upon other international students
• You may doubt your decision to come to New Zealand

 

You may experience one or more of these symptoms, and different people will experience them in varying degrees of intensity. It is important for you to realise that you will probably experience culture shock before you begin your cultural adaptation, and that this is normal.

Ways to cope with culture shock

Below are some ways that you might want to try to combat culture shock.

 

• Remember that experiencing culture shock is a normal part of the adaptation process.
• Don't put too much pressure on yourself, adapting will take time. Be patient.
• Keep a journal, it can really show you how you're doing if you read what you wrote when you first arrived and compare it to several months later.
• Talk to someone who has been through the cultural adaptation process. This person can probably give you a positive perspective on the experience you are having.
• Be open-minded and try to remember that New Zealand is a different country.
• People will behave in ways that may seem to you odd or even rude, but you must try to avoid judging New Zealanders by your own cultural standards.
• Keep yourself busy and active; keep your mind occupied.
• Avoid the temptation to spend all your time with other students.
• Maintain contact with other students. This will give you a feeling of belonging and you will reduce your feelings of loneliness and alienation.
• Don't forget about all the good things about the experience of living in New Zealand.
• Exercise or develop a hobby.
• Establish simple goals and evaluate your progress.
• Try to get involved in activities outside your studies, perhaps with other international students or peoples in New Zealand.

Once you begin to understand New Zealand culture you will not feel as lost and will begin to gain a sense of direction. You will realise that the New Zealand culture, like any culture, has positive and negative aspects. Remember that there is always someone or some service available to help you.

Coping with homesickness

Most people have felt homesick (when you miss family and friends at home) at some time. Beginning life and study in a new country can generate both excitement and anxiety about the move, the study, and meeting new people.

 

The most common times to feel homesick are several weeks before leaving home, or in the first few days or weeks of arriving. Or you might initially be feeling okay, only to find yourself feeling homesick later on, perhaps around a birthday, or at the start of your second year.

 

Away from home you may find it more difficult to cope with problems that may arise. Feeling homesick is normal. Here are a few suggestions that may help you:

 

• Talk to someone you trust about it. If you haven't made friends here, then try talking to the student advisor, nurse, chaplain or counsellor at your education provider
• Remember that other people will have similar feelings, even though you think they may be doing fine
• Keep in regular contact with family and friends at home; email, phone or write letters. Don't be afraid to tell them how you're really feeling and of any problems. Let them know you want to hear from them
• Remember to get plenty of sleep and to eat good food
• Give yourself enough time to adjust, you don't have to get everything right straight away. Learn from your mistakes
• You don't have to rush into making major decisions, for example about staying or leaving
• Be realistic about what to expect from student life and from yourself. Seek new opportunities. Get involved in an activity you enjoy or try new ones in your spare time, when you're not studying. At the start of the academic year many new people will be joining clubs and groups - and you are unlikely to be the only new person
• If you are finding study too hard, talk to your teacher, programme manager, student advisor or the staff at Learning Assistance. Can you improve your study or time management skills?
• Discover and become familiar with your neighbourhood or town
• Write a diary to record your experiences and thoughts
• Try something new or involve yourself in some activity. Don't wait for feelings of homesickness to disappear automatically. Problems can show up later as headaches, tiredness, illness, or lack of motivation. If you stop being able to do normal social and academic things, get professional help from your doctor or the counselling service at your education provider.

Where to stay

Once you have been in New Zealand for a while, you may decide to change your accommodation. The table below gives a brief explanation of the different sorts of accommodation available to international students. For more information go to: www.newzealandeducated.com, click on `general information', then `accommodation' in the right column.

 

If you are under 18 years of age your education provider will assess available accommodation for you.

Type What it's like

Private board You have your own room in a private residential home or boarding house. Meals are provided, and probably shared. You are free to come and go as you please. You may or may not be expected to help with household chores. You will usually be expected to care for your own room.

 

Homestay You live with a family in their home. You will be treated like one of the family and expected to help out with household chores and to oblige to the rules set by your host parents such as curfews. Mealtimes will be shared together. Homestays are great for helping with your English because you will need to speak English in the home.

 

Halls of residence

 

Hostel You have your own room or share with another. Meals will be provided in a communal dining room. Cleaning services are provided, but you will be expected to care for your own room. Usually located on campus or nearby.

 

Flatting You rent a house or apartment (any building where people live together, who are not a family or couple, is called a flat) either on your own or with others. Flats are usually unfurnished. You will have your own room, or may share with another. The rent is usually worked out according to the size of the room. All other expenses are divided, and cooking meals and cleaning is usually shared.

Flatting - renting

Think carefully before considering sharing a flat (see above description) or organising accommodation which has not been checked out by your education provider. A flat will give you more freedom, but it will probably be harder for you to find private study time. SIT will not be identifying a flat for you. If you move into an empty flat (rather than take a room in one that is already set up) you will need to arrange the power (electricity) and/or gas, and the phone, and be responsible for paying for them. You may also need to buy furniture. Many landlords require a lease of one year or more. The government operates a bond system for the protection of both landlords and tenants, so you will need to pay a bond too.

 

We strongly advise you to have an agreement signed with your landlord or flatmates. All forms are available free from http://www.tenancy.govt.nz/. Alternatively this information is available from ‘Blackboard' (ask SIT staff about this) or your international student advisor.

 

The New Zealand Tenancy Service has really useful information on renting, designed for people who need to know the basics about renting for the first time. To view further information about renting, go to the New Zealand Tenancy Service website: http://www.tenancy.govt.nz/.

 

Other useful information is located at: http://www.minhousing.govt.nz/tenancy/info.html Tenancy information is also available in a number of languages.

 

 

Search for a flat:   If you need to find a house to live in while you study at SIT, you can use the Student Rent flatting database to find: Room(s) in existing flats available for rent or Whole properties available for rent    Simply visit Student Rent and start browsing the listings there - it is as simple as that, and completely free!
Note: the properties listed on the database are not owned or operated by SIT.

 

Advertise for a flatmate:

If you have a flat already but you need to find someone else to join your flat, trying listing your flat on Student Rent.  There is no cost for students to create a Flatmate Wanted ad. 

Keeping in touch with home

It's important to keep in contact with your parents and family at home. You can do this in a number of ways.

 

Emailing

SIT will provide you with access to a computer, an email address and free internet access. Alternatively there are a number of Internet Service Providers (ISPs), for email and internet access) that offer different prices - you can pay either by the minute, or a flat-rate amount each month. NetGuide is a consumer magazine that lists ISPs and their contact details. Go to: http://www.netguide.co.nz/ . Should you want internet access at your homestay you may want to consider going wireless. Woosh.com is a local provider of this option.

There are cyber/internet cafes in most towns and cities where you can pay to email or use the internet for as little as $1 per 15 minutes. Email and internet services are often available at public libraries as well.

 

 

Connecting a laptop
To connect a laptop computer, you will need a RJ45 type plug and an adapter with a flat two or three-point power plug to connect to the power supply. The normal power supply is 230 volts 50 hertz alternating current (AC). The wall plugs are the New Zealand three pin type.

 

 

Posting letters - mail

New Zealand Post, the main postal company, has a very efficient local and overseas posting system. You can buy stamps at New Zealand Post shops, some dairies (small, local convenience stores), bookshops and petrol stations.

 

For most services, the world is divided into two zones and costs and delivery times vary from zone to zone. For letters, there are two options - International Air or International Economy. International Air is a faster service, but International Economy is cheaper. There are three options for parcels - International Express (quickest service), International Air (slightly cheaper but still very fast), International Economy (slower but much cheaper).

 

For more information about New Zealand Post services phone free on: 0800 501 501 or go to: http://www.nzpost.co.nz/

 

 

Using a telephone - phone
Most public phones take stored value phone cards, purchased from dairies and newsagents, with a minimum value of NZ$5. Some also accept credit cards, and a few accept coins. Calls to emergency services (dial 111) are free. The emergency services are the Police, Fire and Ambulance.

 

The country code for people calling New Zealand is 64
To call New Zealand from overseas, dial the international dialling code of the country you're in, followed by 64, followed by the area code and the local number. Within New Zealand, local phone numbers have seven digits. Area codes are two numbers, the first is 0. Dial these two numbers before the phone number when calling another region in New Zealand (drop the 0 altogether for people calling from another country).

 

The area codes for the South Island is - 03

Calls outside of your own area are national toll calls and are charged. Calls to numbers starting with 0800 or 0508 are free. Calls to numbers starting with 0900 cost, usually by the minute. For calls to another country, dial 00 before the country code.

 

Lists of New Zealand phone numbers are online go to: http://www.whitepages.co.nz/ (alphabetical listings) and Yellow Pages http://www.yellowpages.co.nz/%20%20(business category listings). Hard copies of the White Pages (the telephone book) and the Yellow Pages are delivered free to every house and business. These are usually available in public phone boxes as well.

 

 

Calling overseas from a home phone

To call overseas from a home phone, dial 00 (international access code) + ?? (the country code) followed by the area code and the number. A cheaper way to call maybe by using prepaid international phone cards (refer to `Pre-paid International Phone Cards').

 

 

Toll bars
Telecom New Zealand is the main supplier of home phone lines. Local calls are free. Some houses have a "toll bar" on the phone which means you can't make any non-local calls, or you must enter a PIN first.

 

 

Mobile phones (cellular phones)
Using a mobile phone (cellular phone) for making calls or sending text messages is very popular. You can use global roaming on a mobile phone from overseas, buy a pre-pay phone or set up an account with Vodafone (GSM 900 and GSM 1800) or Telecom (CDMA) in New Zealand. Be sure to read the agreement if you set up an account because most will be for a minimum of one or two years. In New Zealand, the caller pays to call a mobile phone.

If you already have a mobile phone

Providing your phone is compatible with the New Zealand mobile network, to get it to work here you will need a "SIM card" from Vodafone. You can either buy a "pre-paid SIM card" for around NZ$35, or set up an account. You should note however, that using the phone you have brought with you from overseas may not be possible at all.

SIM cards are not available from Telecom.

 

To set up an account you will need two forms of ID (including one that has your photo on it), to be over 18 and have a visa for six months or more. You will also have to pay a security deposit, usually around NZ$250. Or, you might want to hire a phone from Vodafone if you are staying in New Zealand for a short period of time.

 

 

Pre-paid international phone cards
Pre-paid international phone cards are available at dairies, petrol stations and newsagents (small kiosks which sell magazines). They are economical and popular, because they allow you to call anywhere in New Zealand or the world, from any phone, by dialling the number on the card. When you've used up the minutes, you just buy another card. Cards are available in a range of denominations, starting from NZ$10.

Food

New Zealand has a broad selection of home-grown and imported food. We are a major producer of pasture-fed lamb, venison and beef. We also produce dairy products (made with real milk) and there is plenty of fruit and vegetables. Most of the major cities have shops or areas where you can buy food from different parts of the world, so you should be able to find food that is familiar. The tap water in New Zealand is safe to drink: it does not need to be boiled.

 

New Zealand food may seem a little strange. It may be cooked differently and may taste different to what you are used to, due to differing ingredients, seasoning and cooking methods. Bread and potatoes are staple foods rather than rice or noodles.

Breakfast is often informal and each person in a family may prepare their own.

 

The midday meal is not a family meal, and often cold food is prepared at home and eaten at school or work. The main meal of the day, dinner, is eaten in the evening. Dinner is usually served on one big plate.

 

With a change in diet, you may find that you put on weight. You should be able to keep your weight at a healthy level if you exercise, for example, walk all or part of the way to your school or institution and home each day, and eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables. Alternatively, you may want to take up another form of activity like going to the gym or playing some sport.

 

 

Where to buy food - supermarkets

Most New Zealanders go to the supermarket weekly to buy food for the coming week. You can buy almost everything you need to eat at supermarkets. They sell groceries, fruit and vegetables, meat and fish, and essential household and personal items like cleaning equipment, light bulbs, rubbish bags, toiletry items as well as newspapers and magazines. Opening hours vary, but in the main cities they are usually open between 8am-8pm or later, 7 days a week.

 

 

What are dairies?

Dairies are small, convenience stores usually located near where you're living. They sell a range of things such as newspapers, bread, milk, Coca-Cola, personal items and condoms. Dairies sell essential items, but do not usually sell meat or fish. Dairies are expensive compared to supermarkets. Opening hours vary but will usually be from 7am-7pm. In the cities, 24-hour convenience stores also operate.

 

 

Eating out

New Zealand is a multicultural society with a large number of restaurants and cafes offering dishes from around the world. Chinese and other Asian food is popular, although the taste may be different to what you are used to.

Food courts are an economical option for eating out. They can be found at shopping malls and in large cinema complexes. Food courts offer food from around the world (e.g. Chinese, Indian, Japanese, Malaysian, Thai, Turkish, Italian etc).

Depending on where you choose, you can eat out for as little as NZ$8 for lunch and NZ$12 - 15 for dinner.

Other Shopping

Student Discounts

A range of shops (e.g. those selling clothing, CDs, books etc) offer student discounts (usually 10%). You need to ask whether the shop offers student discounts before you make your purchase. If it does, you will need to show your student identification card (if you don't have one, ask your education provider about how to get one) to receive the discount.

 

Student discounts are also available at cinemas, some concerts or shows, video rental shops, public transport etc. Your education provider's student association may provide a list of the shops offering student discounts in your city or town.

 

 

Opening Hours

Many shops (e.g. clothing, book or CD shops) open at 9:00am and close at 5pm or 5:30pm. Most are open on Saturdays, usually opening at 10am or 11am and closing at 1 pm. Many are also open on Sundays from 10am but may close at 1pm or 2pm. Opening hours are generally displayed on the shop's window.

How to get around - transport

New Zealanders often choose to walk where possible. Walking is good exercise and safe during the day. Try not to travel alone at night. When travelling at any time, take all the normal precautions you would at home. If you do have any travel queries, or questions on how to get around the city you are in or New Zealand, you can visit your local I-SITE Visitors Centres.

 

 

Bicycles - cycling/biking

Riding a bicycle is a popular form of transport for short journeys and mountain biking off-road is a popular sport. Under New Zealand law, you must wear a helmet when cycling, and you must have front and back lights on at night. Road rules apply to cyclists.

 

 

What public transport is best for you?

Public transport varies because of the small numbers of people using it at certain times, e.g. outside of the regular commuting times in the morning (7:30am - 9am) and evenings (5pm - 7pm). However, there will generally always be some form of public transport available in your area. Student discounts are offered on some public transport. Check before you buy your ticket.

The Invercargill bus timetable is available at http://www.icc.govt.nz/ >services> Bus timetables

 

 

Buses

Find out from local people, SIT or host family about the local bus service. You will need to get a bus timetable. In most larger towns and cities buses will be regular throughout the day but less regular on weekends. During off-peak times, check the timetable before you go to the bus stop. Timetables are available in shops, are posted at bus stops and are also available on the internet.

At rush hours the buses can get full. In New Zealand there is a limit to the number of people who can ride on a bus at a time. If a bus is full, it will not stop at the bus stop to pick more people up. If you do take a bus late at night, sit near the driver rather than at the back of the bus.

There is a network of long distance buses that travel throughout New Zealand.

 

 

Taxis

Taxis cost more than other public transport but can be good for occasions when several people are sharing the fare or when public transport is inconvenient or not available, such as late at night.

 

 

Ferries

Ferries that can be a pleasurable ways to travel. A very regular "Interisland" ferry service operates between the North and South Islands. Free phone 0800 802 802 or go to: http://www.interislandline.co.nz/

 

 

Aeroplanes

You can travel by plane to most parts of New Zealand. This form of transport costs the most but it's also the quickest. If you buy your tickets in advance or over the internet, you may save money. You will need a credit card to book and purchase flights over the internet. When you check in at the airport you will be given a seat number on the plane. Generally, you will need to arrive at the airport at least 30 minutes before your departure time. It is also important to take photo ID with you if you are using an E-Ticket (electronic ticket).

The main domestic airlines are listed below:

• Air New Zealand http://www.airnewzealand.co.nz/
• Qantas New Zealand http://www.qantas.co.nz/
• Origin Pacific http://www.originpacific.co.nz/

Driving in New Zealand

New residents and visitors - driving in New Zealand.pdf

Cars and driving

Driver licence

You need to be 15 years old or over to drive in New Zealand. All drivers must have a current and valid New Zealand driver licence, International Driving Permit, or overseas licence. You can drive on an overseas licence for 12 months. After that you need to apply for a New Zealand one.

Carry your licence with you at all times when driving.

To drive a motorbike in New Zealand you must get a motorbike licence.

 

 

 

 

There are three stages to getting a licence. You must pass a test at each stage , that is, a written and two practical driving tests.

Licence conditions:
Learner licence	When learning to drive, you must have a supervisor with you at all times when driving (a person who holds and has held a full licence for at least two years). No passengers unless you are accompanied by a supervisor.
Restricted licence	You can drive on your own between 5am and 10pm. To drive at other times you must have a supervisor with you. No passengers unless you are accompanied by a supervisor.
Full licence	You can drive on your own and take passengers at any time.

 

For more information on how to get a licence, see factsheet 45 Learning to drive: how to get your licence, available on the Land Transport Safety Authority's website: http://www.ltsa.govt.nz/

 

In New Zealand we drive on the left-hand side of the road and there are a number of different road rules, for example, the give way rule, that it is important you understand before driving in New Zealand. The Police enforce the driving laws and there are penalties for breaking them such as fines, having your licence taken off you, your vehicle taken off you, or you can be sent to jail.

 

It is important that you get a copy of the New Zealand Road Code (the Road Code) and learn the road rules, traffic signs and signals for driving here. The Land Transport Safety Authority also has a factsheet for visitors to New Zealand: factsheet 56 New residents and visitors: driving in New Zealand. You can access both the Road Code and factsheet 56 through the Land Transport Safety Authority website, go to: http://www.ltsa.govt.nz/.

 

Copies of the Road Code can also be purchased through all larger bookstores.

It is highly recommended you complete a defensive driving course. These courses help drivers, who already have some experience, to learn how to drive safely in New Zealand. Defensive driving courses are available in most towns and cities. Ask locally, look in your Telecom Yellow Pages or at your local licensing agent for more information.

 

 

Being careful driving

There are four main reasons why people crash or die on New Zealand roads: driving too fast, driving after drinking alcohol, not doing up their safety belts and not giving way at intersections.

 

Speed - driving too fast

The maximum speed on open roads in New Zealand (roads outside of cities and towns) is 100km/h. This is the fastest you are allowed to drive, and you must follow any speed limit signs that instruct you to slow down. The speed limit in towns and cities is 50km/h, unless speed signs tell you that you can go faster. Speed signs are well sign-posted and can change on the same stretch of road. Whatever the posted speed limit, you should always drive to the conditions - drive slower when it's hard to see or if it's raining.

Alcohol

The amount of alcohol that drivers under twenty years of age are legally allowed to drink before driving is so small that it is safer not to drink at all. Driving while over the alcohol limit is illegal (an offence), for which there are severe penalties, including having your licence taken off you, or going to jail.

 

Safety belts - seat belts

You must always wear your safety belt, whether you are sitting in the front or the back of the vehicle. Drivers and passengers are legally required and responsible for wearing their own safety belts. The driver is also responsible for making sure that children under 15 years of age are wearing their safety belt (children under five years need to be in an approved child's car seat). There are fines for not wearing safety belts.

 

Failure to give way

It's very important that you know the give way rules (these are in the Road Code). Otherwise, you could be involved in a serious car accident at an intersection.

If you have a car accident?

If you have a crash while driving and are not badly hurt, you must stop and check to see if anyone else is hurt. If someone is hurt, give first aid or find a phone and dial 111 for emergency services (e.g. an ambulance). You will also need to protect the scene to ensure that other crashes do not occur. You must also tell the Police no later than 24 hours after the crash. If no one is hurt, you'll need to give your name and address (and the name and address of the owner of the vehicle you are driving) as soon as possible but no later than 48 hours after the crash to the owner or driver of any other damaged vehicle and the owner of any damaged property.

If you can't find these owners, tell the Police as soon as possible and no later than 60 hours after the crash.

Owning a car - some important info

Think carefully before buying a car. Unfortunately some international students have had problems with driving or owning cars and some of them have been serious. Owning a car is a big responsibility and can cost a lot. Think about whether you really need one - most New Zealand students find they are too costly.

 

Cars lose value quickly so that when you come to sell you may be disappointed with what money you get for it, or you may not be able to sell it at all.

Once you own a car you need to make sure that it is licensed and has a warrant of fitness (WoF). If your vehicle does not have a current vehicle licence and warrant of fitness you will be fined.

 

 

Vehicle licensing

You need to pay a licensing fee to use your vehicle on the road. When the fee is paid you receive a label showing the date it runs out. The label is usually put on the windscreen. You can licence your vehicle at any Land Transport Safety Authority agent, for example, any New Zealand Post Shop.. You'll need to renew the licence before the date it runs out. For further information go to: http://www.ltsa.govt.nz/

 

 

Warrant of Fitness (WoF)

A WoF is a safety check for most cars, vans, utes and many 4WDs. If the vehicle passes, a WoF label is put on the windscreen. You must have the vehicle checked before the expiry date on the label to be issued with a new one. You're not allowed to drive on the road without a WoF label or if your car is not up to WoF standard.

Vehicles first registered anywhere less than six years ago have a WoF check every 12 months; other vehicles have them every six months.

 

 

Who carries out the WoF safety check?

Approved garages and testing stations carry out WoF checks. Ask at your local petrol station for an agent close to where you are staying.

 

 

Vehicle insurance

If you buy a vehicle, you will need vehicle insurance. Insurance fees are usually higher for people under 25 years and may also depend on your driving history and the type of vehicle you own. You have four options:

Full cover standard Covers accidents, theft, fire, vandalism and storm damage, plus damage to someone else's vehicle or property. This option costs the most.

Agreed cover Cover as above but you and the insurance company agree on the value of your vehicle (current market or retail value) and the amount to be paid out if your vehicle is damaged beyond repair, when you take out the insurance.

Third party, fire and theft Cover against fire and theft on your own car and cover against damage to someone else's vehicle or property.

Third party Covers damage that you cause to another vehicle or another person's property. The cheapest option, but doesn't cover the cost of repairing your vehicle.

 

 

Important

If your vehicle is not registered and/or does not have a current WoF, or if you are driving without a valid licence your insurance company will not pay out if you have an accident.

 

Money matters

New Zealanders do not carry large amounts of cash or keep it at home because it's considered unsafe (by large amounts we mean more than $300). Large amounts of money are kept in bank accounts. Bank accounts and your banking details are kept very private in New Zealand. Only you or an authorised user can access your bank account and banking details.

 

To make managing your money easier, it is recommended that your education fees are paid directly to the education provider where you are studying. Your living money can sent to you in one amount or monthly.

 

Don't tell people about your financial situation. Personal finances are a private matter and not discussed in New Zealand, even amongst friends. If you are running out of money you should talk to the student welfare officer or department at your school or institution. They may be able to provide you with advice on what you can do. You should also talk to your family.

New Zealand Currency

The New Zealand dollar is the currency used in New Zealand. Dollars are divided into cents; 100 cents = 1 dollar. Symbols: $ = dollar, c = cents. The following notes and coins are in circulation: notes - $5, $10, $20, $50, $100, coins - 10c, 20c, 50c, $1, $2.

Opening a bank account

Nearly all the major banks have international student packages and provide information about their services in other languages. Many also have a international student advisor. Most banks will want to know that you or your family has a "banking history" in your own country.

 

You should take a letter from your bank, some proof of your account, such as a copy of a statement, your passport and proof of your enrolment in a New Zealand education provider with you. Your education provider may already have an arrangement with a particular bank, which may make things easier for you.

Being careful with your spending

Be careful how much money you spend in your first two months until you understand a little more about the costs you will face in the coming months. This is to make sure you have enough money left until the end of your studies. If you need help managing your money, talk to the student welfare officer or department at your education provider, for budgeting advice.

Bank charges

Banks charge fees to their customers for providing banking services (e.g. account maintenance fees and transaction fees). Banks are usually open from 9:00am - 4:30 pm Monday to Friday but customers are able to access their accounts 24 hours using Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs see below). Banks are not open on Saturday and Sunday, or on public holidays.

The following are the main services and accounts banks in New Zealand offer:

 

Current Account

A bank account for every day use. EFTPOS (see below) cards are usually attached to a current account and bills are also paid from this account.

 

Savings Account

A bank account for saving money. Banks pay small amounts of interest on savings accounts.

 

Term Deposit/Investment

A sum of money is deposited for a fixed period of time at a higher level of interest than is normally available from savings accounts. You cannot usually withdraw money during the fixed period of time, without incurring a penalty. Banks require minimum amounts (e.g. NZ$1000) to open a term deposit/investment. Deposit/investment periods range from 30 days to 5 years.

 

Bankcards

Bankcards allow you to access your accounts, through ATMs and use EFTPOS, without going into the bank. When you open a bank account you'll receive information about your bankcard and how to use it. You'll be asked to select your own 4-digit Personal Identification Number (PIN) which must be keyed in every time you use your card. You should never tell anyone else your PIN number, even a bank teller!

Credit cards

Many shops and restaurants accept credit cards for payment. The most common are Visa, MasterCard, Diners and American Express (also refer p. 9).

 

For a credit card your signature on the back will be matched as you sign for the goods or services you are buying. You can also choose a PIN for your credit card, to use instead of your signature. Banks have specific requirements for issuing credit cards. You must be 18 or over and have previous bank statements and proof of income. For this reason, most New Zealand students do not usually have credit cards.

 

Keeping your bankcards and credit cards safe

Make sure you keep your bankcards and credit cards safe at all times. If you lose them make sure you contact the bank immediately to cancel them. Also let the Police know - sometimes lost property is handed in. See your local phone book for the contact details of your nearest Police station).

ATMs - Automatic Teller Machines

ATMs allow you to withdraw and deposit money without going to the bank. To use an ATM, insert your bankcard and enter your PIN. You can withdraw money, check your account balances, transfer funds between your accounts, and more. There is a limit to the amount of cash you can take out using an ATM, this is usually NZ$500 per day, so if you want to pay a big bill in cash, you'll need to go to the branch, to withdraw the full amount.

EFTPOS and Banking

EFTPOS - Electronic Funds Transfer at Point of Sale

EFTPOS allows you to pay for purchases without carrying cash. EFTPOS is very popular with New Zealanders and is available in most shops, restaurants and businesses. To use EFTPOS, the bankcard is swiped in a special machine which reads the magnetic strip on it. You select the account you want to pay from, then enter your PIN. Money is automatically transferred from the account you selected to the shop's account. You can often use EFTPOS to get cash out too.

 

 

Phone banking

Using a touch-tone phone, you can dial a free number for your bank and have access to your accounts over the phone, at anytime.

 

 

Online banking

You can also do your banking from a computer on the internet anytime. Banks provide secure access for this. Bank staff can set online banking up for you when you open your account.

New Zealand's tax system

The laws of New Zealand require people and organisations to pay taxes. New Zealand residents must pay income tax in New Zealand on their world-wide income. The residence rules set out in the tax laws are different from the normal citizenship rules. You can be a resident for tax purposes but not hold New Zealand citizenship.

 

As an individual, you are a New Zealand resident for tax purposes if you are in New Zealand for more than 183 days in any 12-month period or if you have an enduring relationship with New Zealand (such as family living here, the intention to stay for a long time or you keep personal possessions here permanently).

 

The tax rate on your income depends on how much you earn. If your income is less than $38,000, the tax rate is 19.5%. If your income is between $38,001 and $60,000 the tax rate is 33% or, if you earn over $60,000, the tax rate is 39%.

 

 

What is an IRD number and do I need one?

Any person, individual or business required to pay tax and/or wanting to work in New Zealand will need to get a tax number (IRD number) from the Inland Revenue Department. To get an IRD number you'll need to produce a verified copy of your birth certificate or passport, complete the appropriate application form and send it to Inland Revenue. To download an IRD number application form go to: http://www.ird.govt.nz

Most people who employ you will deduct your tax from your salary and send it to Inland Revenue for you. You do not have to save a portion of your salary to pay to the government at the end of the tax year. Some employers will offer you "cash in hand" for casual contract work and odd jobs. This is illegal.

 

 

Tax on interest bearing bank accounts

The tax rate on interest bearing bank accounts depends on your income level. If your income is less than NZ$38,000, the tax rate is 19.5%. If your income is between NZ$38,001 and NZ$60,000 the tax rate is 33% or, if you earn over NZ$60,000, the tax rate is 39%. You will have to nominate the tax rate that fits your situation. If you do not have an IRD number the tax rate on an interest bearing account is 45%. If you pay New Zealand tax you can put in a tax return after 31 March each year to see if you are eligible for a refund.

 

For more help on tax matters

Two helpful Inland Revenue publications are:

 

• Taxes and duties: an introduction to New Zealand's tax system (IR 295), and
• New Zealand tax residence: who is a New Zealand resident for tax purposes? (IR 292).

These publications and other general tax information is available from Inland Revenue's website http://www.ird.govt.nz/

Working in New Zealand

You will need a 'Variation of Conditions' to your Student Visa/Permit, to work in New Zealand. Contact a New Zealand Immigration Service office to apply. This may cost NZ$140.

 

Students may apply to the New Zealand Immigration Service to work:

 

• to meet course requirements if they are enrolled in a course that requires them to have practical work experience;
• if they are undertaking a full-time course of study in a recognised degree or diploma which takes at least two academic years to complete;
• when they have completed your study.

Where eligible to work (if the student permit states), students may:

• work 20 hours per week for tertiary students
• work up to 40 hours per week during the Christmas and New Year holiday period.

Students enrolled in a postgraduate study course, may also be able to work for 15 hours per week.

 

Student Job Search is funded by the government, students' associations and tertiary institutions and run by student associations, to help students find summer vacation and temporary or part-time work. Refer to http://www.sjs.co.nz/ or your local Student Job Search office, for further information.

 

If you have a `Variation of Conditions' on your visa/Student Permit and are studying at a university, polytechnic or college of education, you are eligible to use Student Job Search. All students studying at New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA) approved private training establishment (PTE) are also eligible to use Student Job Search services, but are required to pay an enrolment fee from March to September.

 

If you are married, neither your spouse nor any dependants are entitled to work.

After you have completed your studies, you may wish to apply for a Work Visa, which allows you to work in New Zealand full-time. Visit a New Zealand Immigration Service office or go to: http://www.immigration.govt.nz/ for more information.

 

The New Zealand Department of Labour has a number of information resources about employment and work issues. You can view this information online at: http://www.ers.govt.nz/audienceinfo/employees.html This website is also a good resource if you have any employment questions or problems.

Keeping yourself safe

The laws operate to protect the rights of all people in New Zealand, including visitors and international students like you. New Zealand law may be different to the law in your home country, but this is no excuse for not obeying the law and not knowing New Zealand law is also not an acceptable excuse.

 

New Zealand has an international reputation as a safe and friendly country but you should still take all the security precautions you would take in your own country or anywhere else in the world. For example, you should look after your belongings, not carry large amounts of cash, and not do things that you know to be against the law.

Your education provider will give you some advice about these things and others such as the driving laws and road safety rules (refer to `Cars and Driving').

 

You need to be over 18 before you can purchase alcohol or cigarettes. Smoking cannabis is illegal. If you need advice about other things, for example, personal security or legal welfare issues, ask the student welfare officer or department at your education provider.

Crime, Violence and Safety

Crimes against  students

Choose your friends wisely. Most students who have been victims of crime in New Zealand were victimised by other students.

The main offences students have become involved in are fraud (including immigration and IELTS fraud), extortion and assault. There have also been cases of kidnappings, usually where students are taken to the nearest ATM and forced to withdraw money and then let go. Perpetrators of extortion and kidnapping believe that you will not contact the Police. The New Zealand Police are one of the most honest forces in the world and cannot be bribed by offenders. They treat such cases very seriously and you should contact them immediately. Do not try and resolve the situation on your own; it could get worse.

 

 

Violence

In New Zealand you are breaking the law if you hit, punch, kick or in any way assault another person, or have sexual contact without the other person's consent. Violence is unacceptable wherever it happens and whoever the victim is, even amongst family members. The New Zealand Police take all violence very seriously - call them if you need help (dial 111 in an emergency and ask for the Police).

 

 

Safety in public places

There can be times, locations or circumstances when there are concerns in public places. Being aware of these, and doing things safely will reduce risks to your safety.

Steet Safety

Be aware and take notice of what's around you. Check street signs so you know where you are and if you need to call the Police you can be easily located. Keep to areas where other people are about, and that are well lit at night. Avoid vacant blocks, parks or shortcuts through alleys or waste ground, and do not walk close to arcade entrances or areas where a person might be hiding.

 

Body language is important. A person who is confident, walking upright and briskly is less likely to become a victim. There may be times when it's best not to walk through a group of people. Cross the road to avoid contact.

 

Plan for a friend to pick you up or take a taxi rather than walk alone at night. If you feel uncomfortable in a situation, take steps to keep yourself safe. Consider:

 

• Covering up expensive jewellery when walking
• Keeping your house and car keys separate in case your handbag or bag is snatched
• Carrying a personal alarm or mobile phone
• Telling family, friends or colleagues of your plans

 

 

If you think you are being followed

If you think someone is following you, cross the street, more than once if necessary, vary your pace and change direction, to confirm your suspicions. If someone is following you, go as quickly as possible to the nearest place where there will be other people. This could be a service station, fast-food outlet, or house with lights on. Call the Police immediately.

 

 

Pubs, clubs and parties

If you use drugs or drink more than a moderate level of alcohol it will lower your awareness and increase the risk to your safety. Your ability to be in control and react to a situation can be affected.

Potentially unsafe situations are:

 

• Leaving a party or pub with a person you have just met
• Accepting a car-ride from a stranger or someone you have just met (e.g. at a pub)
• Walking home alone
• Driving after taking drugs or alcohol (this can be illegal)

Other people who have taken drugs or alcohol can threaten your safety. Be aware that:

• Warning signs are when people are pushy, rude, or over-familiar
• Your drink could be spiked (have drugs added without you knowing)
• It's safer to go out with a friend or in a group
• It's safest to have someone allocated to drive who isn't drinking, or to take a taxi
• A well-managed venue will have staff who watch for troublemakers

If you want more advice on keeping yourself safe, try the Citizens Advice Bureau, Community Law Centre (refer to "Summary of Important Contacts" for contact details) or talk to the Police. Remember don't rely solely on what other international students may tell you because they may not always understand the full story and give you wrong advice.

In an emergency

If you need immediate medical help (for example, because of an accident), need to talk to the Police or to report a fire, phone 111. The call is free. A person will ask you which service you need (Fire, Police, or Ambulance). Be ready to tell them what has happened and where you are. If someone is injured and needs to go to hospital, an ambulance will arrive and take them.

 

If you need urgent medical treatment, but are well enough to travel, you can also make your own way to an Accident and Emergency centre or hospital or ask a friend to take you, (refer to information on health services).

 

If it's not possible to make a phone call go as quickly as possible to the nearest place where there are other people. This could be a service station, fast-food outlet, or a house with lights on. If you can't do this, make lots of noise to attract attention. As soon as you can, go to a safe place and dial 111 and ask for the emergency service you need (e.g. Fire, Police, or Ambulance).

 

 

The Police

There are several organisations in New Zealand concerned with public safety. The Police are there to help anyone at any time.

When you move into your accommodation, find out where your local Police Station is, and its phone number. You can go to your local Police station for help or phone them. Look in your local telephone book for the number, or go to: http://www.police.govt.nz/.

 

The Police have access to a FREE telephone interpreting service called Language Line. It operates from Monday to Friday 10am - 6pm. When you contact the Police either in person or face to face, just ask for Language Line and your language. Language Line is available in 35 languages. For further details, go to: http://www.languageline.govt.nz/

 

If there is a crime, the Police will investigate and advise you about follow-up action. They will tell you about other support services that may be helpful, such as Victim Support, which helps people who have been the victim of a crime, accident or emergency. Look under 'Victim Support' in your local telephone book. The Police also have quick access to interpreters who can help explain things if necessary.

Your local branch of the Community Law Centre may also be able to provide advice and assistance. These centres provide free advice on New Zealand laws and legal procedures. Many cities and towns have Community Law Centres; the phone number will be in your local telephone book.

 

You should also tell the student welfare person or department at your education provider as they will be able to offer support and may be able to help you when you are dealing with the Police.

A publication on 'your rights as a victim', in several languages, is on the Ministry of Justice website go to: http://www.justice.govt.nz/. (look under "Information and Publications" then "Victims").

Crime, Health, Medical Insurance

If you are accused of a crime

If you are arrested, you have the right to contact a lawyer as soon as possible. If you appear in court, you will need a lawyer. There will be a lawyer at the court who will give you legal help, or you can hire your own lawyer. Lawyers are in the best position to advise you on your legal rights. You also have the right to contact your Embassy and your family. You can also contact your local Community Law Centre (in your local telephone book) for information and advice about New Zealand laws.

 

 

Health services - looking after yourself

There are good professional health services in New Zealand, including doctors, pharmacies, dentists and hospitals. It's a good idea to find out where the local doctor, dentist and hospital are located in case you get sick or have teeth problems. The local telephone book has a section at the front that lists hospitals, medical centres (local doctor's clinics) and dentists.

 

 

You must have medical insurance

Having medical insurance to cover all your dental, medical, specialist and hospital costs is compulsory (from 1 January 2004) for all international students. Your medical insurance policy will be checked by your school or institution to make sure it meets the coverage requirements.

Health Services

Access to free health and disability services

You will only be eligible to free health and disability services if you were already in New Zealand before 30 October 2003 and on a Student Permit for two or more years, or you were on a 12-month Student Permit and have renewed or extended your Student Permit to let you stay in New Zealand for at least one more year.

For more information on the New Zealand health system go to: http://www.moh.govt.nz/ and look under 'Eligibility for Health Services', then 'Student'.

 

 

Visiting a doctor

You can choose any doctor or medical centre close to where you are living or close to where you are studying. The local doctor (General Practitioner, or GP) is often the first contact with a health professional for New Zealanders when they have a health problem. GPs work in local medical centres or clinics, not hospitals. You should go to see a GP (at a medical centre or clinic) if you have a non-emergency illness. You need to call the centre or clinic and make an appointment to see a doctor or nurse. In the case of an emergency, you should go directly to the hospital.

SIT has our own student health services centre which you can use. Again you will need to make an appointment to see the nurse.

Your medical insurance may cover the costs for visits to the doctor. Most GPs charge between NZ$30 and NZ$60 a visit.

 

 

Drugs from the pharmacy and tests

You, or your medical insurance, will also have to pay for any medicines that you need. A doctor writes a prescription for these and a pharmacy or chemist provides the medicine the doctor prescribes for you. The cost will depend on the particular medication you are prescribed. Charges will also apply to any diagnostic tests (such as blood tests) from a laboratory.

 

Going to the dentist

Dental care (except for eligible school children under 18 years of age) is not funded by the government. You or your medical insurance will need to pay for your dental and oral surgery costs. Dentists also operate an appointment system.

 

 

Going to the optometrist

If you need to get your eyes tested or a prescription for glasses or contact lenses, you will need to see an optometrist. Check the yellow pages for a list of optometrists in your area http://www.yellowpages.co.nz/ Eye testing can cost from NZ$40, glasses around NZ$300 and contact lenses from around NZ$150 for a six month prescription. You or your medical insurance will need to pay for your optometrist costs.

 

 

Going to hospital

Many of the hospitals, particularly larger ones, either have their own staff or a network of volunteers who will help with translation, hospital admission or any related needs. There will be charges for your care which your medical insurance should cover, unless it is the result of an accident, see below.

If you suffer an injury?

The Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC) provides 24-hour, personal injury or accident cover for New Zealanders, New Zealand residents who are temporarily overseas, and visitors to New Zealand, which means you get this cover while you are here. For more information, free phone 0800 101 996 or go to http://www.acc.co.nz

ACC have access to a FREE telephone interpreting service called Language Line.

 

It operates from Monday to Friday 10am - 6pm. When you contact ACC either in person or face to face, just ask for Language Line and your language. Language Line is available in 35 languages. For further details go to: http://www.languageline.govt.nz/

Meningitis (Meningococcal disease)

Meningococcal disease can affect anyone, but babies, young children, teenagers and young adults are at greatest risk.

 

Meningococcal disease is a bacterial infection. It causes two very serious illnesses: septicaemia (blood poisoning) and meningitis (an infection of the brain membranes). There are different strains of the bacteria. The B strain is the most common in New Zealand. There is currently no vaccine against B strain.

 

Meningococcal bacteria are transmitted through the air via droplets of respiratory secretions and direct contact with persons infected with the disease.

 

Oral contact with shared items such as cigarettes or drinking glasses or through intimate contact such as kissing could put a person at risk of acquiring the infection.

 

Meningococcal disease can look like a case of influenza in its early stages, but it quickly gets much worse. The symptoms may not all show up at once. Tell your doctor if you have any of the following signs and symptoms:

 

• Fever and headache
• Vomiting
• Sleepiness, confusion, delirium or unconsciousness
• A stiff neck and dislike of bright lights
• Joint pain and aching muscles
• A rash or spots (show your doctor)

Meningococcal disease can progress very quickly. Don't wait - take action. If someone in your household is sick with one or more of the symptoms identified above:

 

• Ring a doctor or medical centre right away - whether it is day or night
• Say what the symptoms are
• Insist on immediate action - don't be put off - a life may be at risk
• If a person has been cleared by a doctor, they should still be watched
• If they get worse go straight back to the doctor
• Don't leave them alone

Prompt treatment with antibiotics (usually by injection) may prevent death, or permanent disability such as damage to the brain or deafness.

 

If your doctor suspects meningococcal disease you will be sent to the hospital for blood, spinal and other tests to confirm the diagnosis. If meningococcal disease is treated straight away with antibiotics, most people will recover. People identified as close contacts of a patient with meningococcal disease should receive antibiotics to prevent the disease.

Sexual Health

In New Zealand the age of sexual consent is 16, and it is illegal to have sexual relations with a person under this age even if he or she agrees.

If you choose to have sexual relationship during your time in New Zealand you need to protect yourself, both from unwanted pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

 

Most New Zealanders receive sexuality education at secondary school. This includes education about contraception. Contraception and sexual health are not issues to be embarrassed or ashamed about and can be discussed freely with a doctor or nurse.

 

Health professionals are there to help and provide advice, and will not judge you.

You can be confident that whatever you discuss with a health professional is completely confidential. In New Zealand individual privacy is treated very seriously and protected by law.

Family Planning Association

The Family Planning Association (FPA) provides sexual and contraceptive information, clinical services and education. If you make an appointment, you or your medical insurance must pay for your visit. The FPA produces the pamphlets Contraception Your Choice and Sexually Transmissible Infections in a range of languages. These pamphlets are free and available from an FPA clinic.

 

FPA clinics are listed in your local telephone book (Telecom Whitepages, go to: http://www.whitepages.co.nz/) or go to: http://www.fpanz.org.nz/ to locate the FPA clinic closest to you. There is also a free information service available on: 0800 372 5463. Some FPA clinics may have interpreters available.

Contraception

Contraception helps prevent pregnancy by stopping sperm fertilising an egg. To prevent pregnancy, contraception must always be used, regardless of when sexual intercourse occurs in relation to a woman's menstrual cycle.

 

A range of contraceptive methods are available. The most popular methods are the pill, condoms (available free of charge from some student health centres), injections and IUDs (intrauterine devices). Each has advantages and disadvantages. A doctor or nurse can provide advice regarding a suitable method for you.

 

Abortion is not considered a means of contraception. Abortion in New Zealand is only available under specific circumstances. It is not as easily accessible as it is in some other countries. If you think you might be pregnant and don't know what to do the Family Planning Associate can help you. An abortion costs from NZ$760 up to NZ$3,500. Medical insurance does not cover this cost.

 

If you do have unprotected sexual intercourse, or if your contraceptive method fails (e.g. burst condom or missed pill), you should see a doctor and ask about emergency contraception. There are two types of emergency contraception - the Emergency Contraceptive Pill (ECP) or IUD. Both are used after unprotected sexual intercourse to reduce the chance of pregnancy. The ECP can be used up to 72 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse and the IUD can be used up to 5 days after ovulation (when the egg will have been fertilised). You can get emergency contraception from:

 

• FPA centres
• Your doctor (e.g. at a general practice or student health clinic)
• Accident & medical centres
• Sexual health clinics
• Pharmacies

For more information, refer to the FPA pamphlet Contraception Your Choice, available free of charge from a Family Planning Clinic.

Contraception

Contraception helps prevent pregnancy by stopping sperm fertilising an egg. To prevent pregnancy, contraception must always be used, regardless of when sexual intercourse occurs in relation to a woman's menstrual cycle.

 

A range of contraceptive methods are available. The most popular methods are the pill, condoms (available free of charge from some student health centres), injections and IUDs (intrauterine devices). Each has advantages and disadvantages. A doctor or nurse can provide advice regarding a suitable method for you.

 

Abortion is not considered a means of contraception. Abortion in New Zealand is only available under specific circumstances. It is not as easily accessible as it is in some other countries. If you think you might be pregnant and don't know what to do the Family Planning Associate can help you. An abortion costs from NZ$760 up to NZ$3,500. Medical insurance does not cover this cost.

 

If you do have unprotected sexual intercourse, or if your contraceptive method fails (e.g. burst condom or missed pill), you should see a doctor and ask about emergency contraception. There are two types of emergency contraception - the Emergency Contraceptive Pill (ECP) or IUD. Both are used after unprotected sexual intercourse to reduce the chance of pregnancy. The ECP can be used up to 72 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse and the IUD can be used up to 5 days after ovulation (when the egg will have been fertilised). You can get emergency contraception from:

 

• FPA centres
• Your doctor (e.g. at a general practice or student health clinic)
• Accident & medical centres
• Sexual health clinics
• Pharmacies

For more information, refer to the FPA pamphlet Contraception Your Choice, available free of charge from a Family Planning Clinic.

Sexually Transmitted Infections

If you have sexual intercourse without using a condom, you are at risk of contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI).

 

Condoms and oral dams can help protect you from getting an STI. However some STIs are transmitted by skin to skin contact and a condom/oral dam might not prevent this. The more partners you have the higher your risk of getting an STI, particularly if you do not use condoms/oral dams. Alcohol and drugs can stop you making clear decisions about your sexual behaviour.

 

It is important to talk to your partner about safer sex - this means using a condom or oral dam every time you have sexual intercourse.

 

For more information, refer to the FPA pamphlet Sexually Transmissible Infections, available free of charge from a Family Planning Clinic.

Mental health

Studying can be very stressful for any student. When you are studying overseas, language and culture differences can increase stress levels. If you are having difficulty coping, contact one of the support agencies in this booklet.

 

If you are worried about your stress level, do not wait too long before you ask for help. Do not feel ashamed. Make an appointment to talk to a counsellor or doctor. Sometimes medical insurance does not cover treatment for mental illness. You may be liable for any charges incurred from your treatment.

 

SIT has student counsellors available for consultations at no cost.

If you'd rather talk with someone over the phone, you can call Lifeline. Lifeline is a free, confidential and anonymous service for anyone needing to talk about personal problems. Some of the feelings or worries they can assist you with are:

 

• facing difficulties in a new country
• loneliness
• stress-related issues
• problems with relationships
• depression and worry
• grief and loss
• overcoming thoughts of suicide or self-harm.

One service of Lifeline in Auckland is staffed by Cantonese and Mandarin-speaking counsellors and are available on: 0800 888 880.

The English speaking Lifeline is open 24 hours every day: phone free on: 0800 111 777.

Lifeline also has a brochure about these services. Your education provider should have a copy.

Eating disorders

An eating disorder is present when a person:

 

• is constantly thinking about eating or not eating
• feels out of control around food
• uses food to meet needs other than hunger
• becomes obsessed about food, weight and body shape.

 

A person can be any size and have an eating disorder.

There are three main types of eating disorders. These are anorexia, bulimia and compulsive eating. However many eating disorders do not exactly fit into these three categories. Every person's pattern and experience of an eating problem is unique.

 

 

Anorexia

Anorexia exists when a person severely cuts down the amount of food they eat. They might experience dramatic weight loss which can be life threatening, while still believing they need to lose more. They may also vomit (but not binge). People with anorexia may:

 

• be very thin
• deny being ill
• be obsessed with food

 

 

Bulimia

Bulimia exists when a person eats large amounts of food in a way that feels out of control then compensates by vomiting, starving, exercising or using laxatives. The person may not change in size or shape. People with bulimia may:

 

• be of 'normal weight'
• be very secretive
• often go the bathroom after eating

 

 

Compulsive Eating

Compulsive eating is eating large quantities of food (either at one time or over a day) and feeling out of control. This is usually followed by feelings of guilt and shame. This may alternate with periods of dieting or constant attempts to diet. People who compulsively eat may:

 

• feel guilty about eating
• be out of control
• want it to stop

 

Often people with an eating disorder do not acknowledge or accept that they have a problem. We often think it's normal to worry about our weight or even to diet. However, an eating disorder is more than just worrying about the way we look or wanting to get healthy. It can be very distressing for the person, both physically and emotionally.

 

If you, or you think any of your friends, have an eating disorder there are a number of people who can help. You can contact your local Citizens Advice Bureau for details of support services in your area. Alternatively, Eating Disorders Services website have listed a number of support services throughout New Zealand at: http://www.eatingdisorders.org.nz/index.php?id=788

Being aware of gambling

There are many avenues for legal gambling in New Zealand, from casinos (where you must be 20 years of age or over) to sports betting, horseracing and buying lotto tickets. You must never gamble with the money you have brought to New Zealand to pay for your study or living.

 

You may be tempted to gamble by using technologies you are very familiar with.

For example, internet gambling, and electronic gambling machines which in many cases look like video games. If you are gambling too much, maybe because your parents aren't here to guide you, you are missing them, it's just a fun thing to do, or you know someone else who's gambling too much, you can contact Asian Services at the Problem Gambling Foundation of New Zealand (PGF).

 

PGF provides professional and free counselling services. PGF have Mandarin, Cantonese and Korean speakers. You can also contact PGF for information about problem gambling. PGF services are strictly confidential and private.

 

You can go to: http://www.pgfnz.co.nz/

Alcohol and tobacco smoking

In New Zealand, alcohol and tobacco smoking are legal but regulated; you have to be 18 or over to purchase them, and there are rules about where and when you can and can't drink alcohol and smoke.

 

Smoking is often not permitted in indoor public places, although some bars, restaurants, cafes and pubs have smoking areas. Since 2005 it has been illegal to smoke inside any clubs, bars, restaurants, theatre or public buildings. Smoking is permitted outdoors.

 

Increasingly, smoking is unpopular with New Zealanders and some people find it offensive. If you smoke in public areas, try and smoke in areas where your cigarette smoke will not bother other people.

 

It is illegal to drink alcohol and drive (refer to `Cars and Driving'). In some cities it's illegal to drink alcohol in public places, such as the streets or parks, and many have alcohol bans over the New Year period when lots of people go out to celebrate.

You can buy alcohol in liquor stores and licensed beer and wine stores, including supermarkets (although you cannot buy spirits at supermarkets). Alcohol is also sold in some convenience stores (e.g. dairies or petrol stations) but not from vending machines.

 

Although alcohol is widely consumed at social events in New Zealand, it's just as acceptable and quite normal not to drink alcohol. The choice is yours and if you choose to drink, you should do so responsibly (e.g. not drinking and then driving or hurting anyone).

 

In New Zealand there have been a few cases of 'drinks spiking', where someone adds a tasteless, odourless and colourless drug to your drink without you knowing. This can happen in bars, clubs or pubs.

 

These drugs are extremely dangerous and leave people with little or no memory of what has happened to them. To avoid this, you should always watch your drink being poured (alcoholic or not) and keep an eye on it at all times. Avoid taking drinks from people you don't know. If you feel dizzy or uncomfortable after you have a drink, try and tell a friend to keep an eye on you. If you think this happened to you, go to a doctor, student health service, or your health service provider immediately.

Drugs

Illegal drugs include marijuana, 'magic mushrooms', LSD, ecstasy, methamphetamines, cocaine and heroin. Possession of any of these drugs is against the law and carries a penalty that may include prison.

 

Marijuana and magic mushrooms can be baked into chocolates, cookies or cakes. If you are offered these foods at a party, ask what's inside just in case. Ecstasy or 'e' comes as a capsule with brownish powder inside or as a pill, usually with a symbol like a heart or a happy face. You should refuse these drugs if they are offered to you. There are considerable risks in consuming them and they are illegal.

 

All drugs, while they may provide initial euphoric effects, can lead to impaired functioning that can interfere with the intellectual capacity to study, development of healthy relationships, and can lead to serious health consequences.

18+ Card (evidence of age)

The minimum legal drinking age in New Zealand is 18 years. If young people wish to purchase alcohol or get into licensed premises they need to provide photographic proof of age.

 

The acceptable forms of ID are a New Zealand or overseas passport, a photographic New Zealand driver licence or a HANZ 18+ card. If you haven't upgraded to a photo driver licence, it will be cheaper for you to upgrade early instead of getting an 18+ card now and the driver licence later.

 

You can get an application form for an 18+ card from here or pick one up at a New Zealand Post Shop. The card will cost you NZ$20. You will need to fill out a statutory declaration and provide certain documents to prove you are over 18 years of age and that you are who you say you are (see the above website).

Alcohol and drug help lines

There are a number of places where you can go for help if you or someone you know needs help with alcohol or drugs. Contact your local Citizens Advice Bureau and they will refer you to a service that can assist you. You will find your local Citizens Advice Bureau in the phone book. Or call them on their free phone number 0800 367 222. Some Citizens Advice Bureaux have interpreters to help non-native English speakers.

Relationships

In New Zealand, sexual relationships are a personal choice and it is generally accepted that older students may have sexual relationships. This attitude may be different from that of your country, culture or religion and you should not feel pressured to do anything you are not comfortable with.

 

When you are away from home, it's great to have a special person who understands, cares and supports you in times of need. However, young people living overseas may jump into a serious relationship more deeply and quickly than they should.

 

Some international students have had to quit their studies and return home as a result. You shouldn't be pressured into doing things you are not sure about or don't want to do, like having sex, or doing what your boyfriend or girlfriend wants to do. It's important to remember the goals you had when you decided to study in New Zealand.

Here are some questions to ask yourself to help decide whether having a relationship is a good idea for you:

 

•  
  • Are you a better or happier person than you were before?
  • Do you believe that your boyfriend/girlfriend respects you and wants what is best for you, or is he or she interested only in themselves?
  • Are you proud of your relationship and would you be happy for your parents to know about it?
  • Compared with your present study obligations and your future plans, how important will your boyfriend or girlfriend be in your life in ten years time?

 

If you have sex, it's important to protect yourself from unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STI).

 

If you are having problems with your relationship, talk to a counsellor at your education provider, your doctor or contact Relationship Services.

Relationship Services provides education and counselling for anyone having relationship problems with family, friends, partners, teachers and others.

 

Call them free on 0800 735 283 during office hours, email Relationship Services at receptn@relate.org.nz, or, after hours, call Samaritans, Lifeline or Youthline (in the White Pages phone book or go to: http://www.whitepages.co.nz/ for contact phone numbers). For further information on relationship matters go to: http://www.relate.org.nz.

Harassment and discrimination

Most international students enjoy their stay in New Zealand and the interaction they have with New Zealanders. Unfortunately during your stay in New Zealand, as may be the case in other countries, you may experience harassment or discrimination.

 

Discrimination occurs when a person is disadvantaged or treated less favourably than another person in the same or similar circumstances. Harassment is behaviour that is uninvited and humiliates, offends or intimidates someone. Harassment and discrimination may be based on gender, marital status, religious belief, colour, race, ethnicity, disability, age, political opinion, employment status, family status, or sexual orientation to name a few examples. The Humans Rights Act makes harassment and discrimination unlawful.

 

The information below is provided to assist you in the unlikely event that you experience discrimination or harassment whist living and studying in New Zealand, and focuses on racial and sexual harassment.

Racial Harassment

Racial harassment is behaviour that is racist, hurtful or offensive and is either repeated or serious enough to have a detrimental effect on a person.

 

Examples of racial harassment

The Human Rights Act 1993 (the Act) defines racial harassment as behaviour that is uninvited and humiliates, offends or intimidates someone because of their race, colour, or ethnic or national origin. It can involve spoken, written or visual material or a physical act. Usually the behaviour has to be repeated, but there will be occasions where the behaviour has such a detrimental effect on a person that it will be considered unlawful. However, a one-off minor comment is unlikely to be harassment.

 

Racial harassment may include:

• Making offensive remarks about a person's race
• Mimicking the way a person speaks - i.e. if they have an accent
• Making jokes about a person's race
• Calling people by racist names
• Deliberately pronouncing people's names wrongly

Racial harassment may be unintentional. The person who engages in the offensive conduct may be unaware of the effect of their actions but they can still be held responsible. What is important is how the behaviour affects the person at whom it is directed.

 

For further information on racial harassment or on what to do if you are being harrassed, go to: http://www.hrc.co.nz/index.php?p=13863.

Sexual Harassment

Under the Human Rights Act two types of sexual harassment are prohibited. They are:

 

1. A request for sex together with an implied or overt promise of preferential treatment or a threat of detrimental treatment.

2. Sexual behaviour, language or visual material which is unwelcome or offensive and either repeated or significant enough to have a detrimental effect on the person subjected to it.

 

Examples of Sexual Harassment

Sexual harassment may include:

 

• Personally sexually offensive verbal comments
• Sexual or smutty jokes
• Repeated comments or teasing about someone's alleged sexual activities or private life
• Persistent, unwelcome social invitation or telephone calls from workmates/fellow students
• Following someone home from work/school
• Offensive hand or body gestures
• Physical contact - i.e.: patting, pinching, touching or putting an arm around another person's body - which is unwelcome
• Provocative visual material - i.e.: posters - with a sexual connotation
• Hints or promises of preferential treatment in exchange for sex, or threats of deferential treatment if sex is not offered
• Sexual assault and or rape

 

Sexual Harassment in the Workplace

The Employment Relations Act also makes sexual harassment unlawful in paid employment. A person who believes they have been sexually harassed in employment must decide whether they wish to make a complaint to the Human Rights Commission or take a personal grievance under the Employment Relations Act.

 

They are not able to do both. For further information on personal grievances, contact the Employment Relations Infoline on 0800 800 863.

If your being harassed

 if you are being harassed (either racial or sexual harassment)

 

• Keep a record of the incidents that you find offensive.
• Talk it over with someone you trust and who will keep the information confidential. This may help clarify your best course of action.
• Confront the person who is harassing you and tell them that you don't like their behaviour. Tell them that you do not like what they are doing and that it is unlawful. Tell them you want them to stop - otherwise you will complain. You can do this in person, in a letter, or with a student or other representative.
• Don't confront the alleged harasser if you don't want to. Only do so if you feel confident and safe. If this doesn't work, or is inappropriate, you can seek advice and assistance from:

 

• A racial/sexual harassment contact person
• A manager or school counsellor
• The Human Rights Commission
• A professional disciplinary body
• The Employment Relations Service (if you have been harassed at work).

 

You can then decide whether you want to make a complaint. If you do complain, the situation should be dealt with and the harassment stopped.

 

 

Racial and Sexual Harassment are Serious

Racial and sexual harassment should always be taken seriously because:

 

• People don't have to put up with racial/sexual behaviour they don't like.
• Racial/sexual harassment is often repeated unless action is taken.
• Racial/sexual harassment may affect people's ability to work, study, access services or to feel comfortable in their home, school, tertiary institution or workplace.
• Racial/sexual harassment can lower self-esteem and cause health problems.
• Racial/sexual harassment can cause major disruption to a workplace.
• Employers may be liable for harassment by their employees, or of their employees by their clients, if they do not take sufficient steps to prevent harassment occurring.

Victimisation

The Human Rights Act protects people from victimisation. Victimisation means being treated badly because you have exercised your rights under the Act (e.g. by contacting the Human Rights Commission about a case of harassment) or because you have been involved in a dispute.

 

Further Information

For further information, refer to the Human Rights Commission website. Go to: http://www.hrc.co.nz/ . The Human Rights Commission operate an InfoLine, staffed from 8.30am until 5.00pm Monday - Friday, plus an automated service accessible 24 hours, seven days a week. All calls are confidential. The InfoLine service provides answers general human rights enquires, and provides advice on how to deal with disputes including matters of racial harassment. Call InfoLine toll free on 0800 4 YOUR RIGHTS (0800 496 877), or you can email: infoline@hrc.co.nz.

Recreation

There are many local clubs or church groups you can join to do leisure activities in your spare time. Clubs include those on bridge, arts, sports, tramping and hobby groups. At polytechnics/institutes of technologies, colleges of education, universities and schools, there are a range of sports and interest clubs to join. Joining a club is a good way to meet New Zealanders.

Being safe around water

Because of the nature of the country, many recreational activities are based around water and you need to be careful when swimming or learning water sports or activities.

Many of New Zealand's most popular beaches are patrolled by Surf Life Savers.

 

These are people qualified to advise people on safety at the beach and are on hand to help if people are in trouble in the water. The Surf Life Savers put up two flags when they are on duty. The flags are usually bright red and yellow and show the area of the sea that is safest to swim in. This is also the area that they will be watching closely. Always swim between these flags.

 

If you want to enjoy New Zealand's lakes, rivers, swimming pools, and beaches or participate in any water-based activity you should:

 

• learn to swim (contact your local city council swimming pool for details about lessons)
• always swim (or kayak or fish) with someone else. Never go alone
• make sure you swim between the flags at the beach.

Fishing

New Zealand is blessed with a large number of excellent fishing spots and fishing is a popular recreational activity. Each year thousands of people go fishing and take large numbers of finfish, rock lobsters and shellfish.

 

If not managed properly this can seriously affect local fisheries. Therefore, it is vitally important for the sustainability of New Zealand's fishery resources that all fishers help to conserve the resource so that generations to come will also be able to enjoy a day's fishing.

 

There are restrictions on recreational fishers regarding the amount and size of fish they are allowed to take. If you go fishing, the main things to remember are:

 

• Don't take more than the daily limits
• Don't take undersized fish
• Don't sell or trade your catch

 

Only those people physically involved in taking finfish, rock lobster and shellfish are entitled to claim their catch within the daily limits. Occasionally people go over quota to sell produce on the black-market. You should not buy from these people.

You should also be aware of the restrictions on the fishing gear and methods you can use.

 

The rules for fishing vary depending on the area you are fishing in. Before you start, you should get a copy of the recreational fishing rules for the area you're in. There are four main areas:

 

• Auckland and Kermedec Area. This covers from the East Cape to just north of New Plymouth.
• Central Area, which covers the rest of the North Island.
• Challenger Area, that covers the top of the South Island.
• Southern Area, which covers the remainder of the South Island.

 

You can obtain a copy your nearest Ministry of Fisheries' office. Go to:

http://www.fish.govt.nz/ for a list of Ministry of Fisheries' offices throughout New Zealand.

 

Fisheries Officers and Honorary Fisheries Officers closely monitor fishing areas. People caught breaking the fishing rules can be penalised with an infringement notice of up to NZ$500 or for serious offences up to NZ$250,000 with loss of vessels and vehicles.

 

The onus is on individuals to stay within the legal requirements. Ignorance of the rules is not an excuse. Numerous smaller offences, or one big offence, can lead to an immigration visa or permit being revoked.

For further information you can contact 0800 4RULES (0800 478537).

Bush walking or tramping

New Zealand is famous for its beautiful outdoor environment, and bush walking and tramping are enjoyable ways of experiencing it. Visit your local Department of Conservation (DoC) office for information about local walks and tramps or  click on `explore'. The Department of Conservation is responsible for maintaining and protecting parks and reserves.

 

New Zealand weather can change very quickly, especially in mountainous areas. It is important to be prepared for all types of weather, no matter what the weather is like when you leave. Warm, waterproof clothing is essential.

 

You'll need to be prepared for emergencies as well as weather changes (e.g. a first aid kit). You can hear a weather report on the hour on most radio stations or phone 0900 999 03 for local weather updates.

Protection from the sun

As you will learn, New Zealand is a great country to experience the outdoors, but it's important to protect yourself against the harmful effects of the sun.

 

As a country in the Southern Hemisphere, New Zealand is exposed to the sun's harmful Ultra Violet (UV) radiation. We have less pollution to block out UV radiation than many other countries. In addition the ozone layer is decreasing.

 

The UV radiation is responsible for burning and damaging your skin. UV radiation does not provide heat, so you can burn when you feel cool (on a cloudy day, for example). This means you can also burn in winter when skiing because the higher you go, the less atmosphere there is to filter UV radiation. The whiteness of the snow also increases the risk of burning.

 

Avoiding sunburn and tanning can help prevent melanomas and other skin cancers. To avoid sunburn, it is important to:

 

• Wear a hat and clothing that covers your skin
• Apply sunscreen (SPF 30+)
• Wearing wrap around sunglasses will help protect your eyes.

It is important to note that:

 

• No sunscreen will completely shield you from the effects of UV radiation. You can still burn, especially if you have sensitive skin.
• Use additional forms of sun protection like: avoiding the sun between the hottest times -11 am to 4 pm - in summer, wearing a hat and clothing, wearing sunglasses and stay in the shade if you can.
• Using an SPF30+ (sun protection factor of 30) sunscreen rather than SPF15 halves your risk of sunburn for the same length of time in the sun. SPF30+ (or any sunscreen) should not be used to increase the amount of time you spend in the sun.
• Whatever the SPF, apply adequate amounts fifteen minutes before going outside and re-apply regularly, especially if you are swimming or sweating a lot.

Entertainment

Visit your local i-SITE Visitor Centre at our Museum, located at Queens Park on Gala Street,  for information about art galleries, libraries, cinemas and zoos in your area. These official Visitor Information Centres have good local knowledge including local events, tourist information and holiday accommodation. Look in your local telephone book under: i-SITE Visitor Information for the phone number, or go to: http://www.i-site.org/ for contact details.

Citizens Advice Bureaux (offices)

Citizens Advice offices provide free advice on a wide range of subjects, including personal, housing, financial, vehicle and legal issues. You do not have New Zealand citizenship to use the service. Look for the phone number in the local telephone book or go to: http://www.cab.org.nz/, for contact details and some information on commonly asked questions. You can also call free on: 0800 367 222. This number will automatically put you in contact with your local office.

Information was sourced from the following websites:

minedu.govt.nz

http://www.counselling.cam.ac.uk/hsick.html

http://www.uwec.edu/counsel/pubs/homesick.htm

http://www.eatingdisorders.org.nz/

http://www.hrc.co.nz/

http://www.letsgo.co.nz/advice/safety.asp

http://www.niwa.cri.nz/edu/resources/climate/overview

New Zealand MetService

http://www.experiencenz.com/climate.cfm

http://www.cancernz.org.nz/

http://www.asia2000.org.nz/